WENZHANGYIHUO“YITIAO”(ID:yitiaotv)SHOUQUAN
ZHUANZAIQINGLIANXIYUANZUOZHE
75HOUGUJIANZHUZHUANJIA、
GUGONGBOWUYUANYANJIUYUANZHOUQIAN,
SHUOSHIYIBIYEJIUJINLEGONG,
QINSHENCANYULETAIHEDIANDEBAINIANDAXIU,
CONGCIZAIGUGONGYIDAI17NIAN。
SANNIANQIANQI,TAZHUSHOUZHUANXIE《TAIHEDIAN》YISHU,
ZHONGYUZAIJINNIANCHUBAN,
YICONGLIDAOWAIJIEGOUZHENGZUOGONGDIAN,
XIANGDAZHONGCHENGXIANZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUDEJINGHUA,
“YIYIDIANZHIWANDIAN”。
WEISHENMEGUGONGLIJING222CIDIZHENHOUJIANRENBUDAO?
WUDINGDEXIAODONGWUDAIBIAOSHENME?
TAIHEDIANZHENGZHONGYANGZANGZHUBAOXIAMA?
YIQIDAOSHIPINHEWENZHANGLIZHAODAANBA。
自述 周乾
撰文 譚伊白 責編 陳子文
2004NIAN,29SUIDEZHOUQIANDINGZHUYIGENMUTOUCHULESHEN。ZHEGENFUTUOMUDESUNTOUYOUXIEXIACHEN,LIANZHUSHANGMIANDEWUDINGYEKAILELIE。ZHEGENHENKENENGYINGXIANGTAIHEDIANYANNIANYISHOUDEMUTOU,WEIJILETAIHEDIANDEANQUAN。ZHEHUANBUZHI,TAQIANGPITUOLUO、MUZHUFUXIU、WAPIANCUOWEI,WENTIYIGEJIEYIGE。500DUONIANDEZIJINCHENGYUDAODAMAFANLE......
CISHIZHOUQIANGANGSHUOSHIBIYE,HUANMEIDENGFANYINGGUOLAITAJIUBEIZHAORULEGUGONG,TOURUTAIHEDIANDAXIUDEGONGZUOZHONG。
TAIHEDIANDAXIUXIANCHANG
ZHESHITAIHEDIANZAI1679NIANZAOYUHUOZAIZHONGJIANHOU,300NIANLAIDESHOUCIDAXIU。ZUOWEIZIJINCHENGJIANZHUQUNDE“MENMIANDANDANG”,TAIHEDIANCONG2006NIAN1YUE5RIQI,BEIGAODA35MIDEBAOHUZHAOTUANTUANBAOWEI,TINGZHIDUIWAIKAIFANG,CONGMEIYOURENJIANGUOTAZHEFUMOYANG。
ZUOWEISHIJIEXIANCUNZUIDADEMUJIEGOUJIANZHU,TADEBIANXINGDENGWENTIZUIBEIZHONGSHI,JIUZHEYANG,XUETUMUGONGCHENGCHUSHENDEZHOUQIANBEIPAISHANGLEYONGCHANG。TAWANGZHUNEIGENYIDUANXIACHENLE10LIMIDEHENGLIANGMUJIAOJINNAOZHI,WUSHUCIJIANMO、XIUGAIFANGAN,HUALEZHENGZHENGYINIAN,CAIWANMEIDIJIANGTAJIAGU。
YUCITONGSHI,30WANZHANGJINBOCONGNANJINGJINBOCHANGYUNLEGUOLAI,WEIWAIYAN“HUANZHUANG”;70DUOSUIDELAOZHUANJIAYEBEIGUGONGFANPINHUILAI,QINZIZHONGHUACAIHUI;WUDINGGENGHUANBUJIAN、QIANGPIZHONGXINMOHUI......
TAIHEDIANZHONGYUZAILIANGNIANBANHOU“SONGBANG”,TUOXIACENGCENGJIAOSHOUJIA,YIJIUYONGRONGDAQIDIZHULIZAIBEIJINGDEZHONGZHOUXIANSHANG。WEIJIJIEJUE,ERZHOUQIANYEZAIMEILIKAIGUOZIJINCHENG。RUJINTADEBANGONGSHIWEIYUZIJINCHENGXIBEIJIAO,YIGEJIAOCHENGHUANGMIAODEYUANLUOLI,JULITAIHEDIANJINJIN600MI。
ZHOUQIANJIANG17NIANFENGXIANGEILEZHEDONGDAFANGZI,TAAITAIHEDIAN,CONGTABUYANQIFANDIJIANGCAIFANGZHONGZHIDAITAIHEDIANDE“TA”,YIGEGEGAICHENGLE“TA”DEZHIZHUZHONGBIANKEZHIXIAO。
以下是周乾的自述。
中軸線建筑——紫禁城的脊梁
2020NIANSHIZIJINCHENGJIANCHENG600ZHOUNIAN,SHIYIGEJIQINANDEDE、TESHUDENIANFEN。MIANDUIZHUYOUJIDAMEILIDEGUGONGJIANZHUQUN,WOJUEDEYOUZHEGEZERENRANGDAJIADOULAILEJIETA。
SHUOTAIHEDIAN,JIUBUDEBUXIANTIZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU。
ZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU,SHIZHIZHENGZHONGYANGNANBEIFANGXIANGDEJIANZHU。GUGONGGUJIANZHUDEZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHU,WULUNTILIANGSHANG,HUANSHIZAIZAOXINGSHANG、GONGNENGSHANG,DOUNENGGOUCHONGFENDITIXIANMINGQINGSHIQI,DIWANGSUODAIBIAODEWANGQUANYUHUANGQUAN。
ZAIGUDAI,GURENRENWEIBEIJIXINGDECHUXIANYOULIYUBIANBIEFANGXIANG,YUSHIBANANBEIFANGXIANGZUOWEIZUIZHONGYAODEFANGWEI
NANCONGWUMEN,BEIDAOSHENWUMEN,ZHONGJIANJINGGUOTAIHEMEN、YOUQIANCHAOSANDADIANZHICHENGDETAIHEDIAN、ZHONGHEDIAN、BAOHEDIAN,ZAIWANGBEI,QIANQINGGONG、JIAOTAIGONG、KUNNINGGONG,JINEITINGHOUSANGONG,RANHOUDAOYUHUAYUAN。
WUMENGUANGCHANG
WUMENSHIZIJINCHENGDENANDAMEN,WOKANWANGSHANGCHUANDEHENDUO,SHUOSHENMETUICHUWUMENZHANSHOU,ZHISHIYUANYUMINJIANXIQU。WUMENQISHISHIMINGQINGDIWANGJUXINGZHONGYAOHUODONGDECHANGSUO,BIRUSHUONONGLIXINNIAN,HUANGDIHUIPAIRENZAIWUMENXUANBUGUONIANLA,HUANGDIDAHUNYEHUIZAIWUMENZUOXUANGAO。
DUOZHONGDUOYANGDEYIZHANGYONGJU
ERQIEWUMENDEGUANGCHANGSHANG,YOUGEZHONGDE“FAJIALUBU”,LEISIYUWOMENJINTIANSUOSHUODEYIZHANG,BIRUSHUOBAOXIANG、LUCHE(LIANGLUNDECHEZI),LAIZHANSHITALIYIDEDIWEI。
TAIHEMENGUANGCHANG
JINRUWUMENHOUJIUSHITAIHEMEN,TAZAIMINGDAI,SHIHUANGDISHANGCHAODEDIFANG。WOMENYOUKENENGZAIDIANSHILIHUIKANDAO,SHUOHUANGDIZAITAIHEDIANSHANGCHAO,QISHIBUSHIDE,HUANGDIZAIMINGCHAOZAITAIHEMENSHANGCHAO,QINGCHAOSHIZAIQIANQINGMENSHANGCHAO。
TASUIRANSHIYIGEMENLANGSHIJIANZHU,DANFEICHANGNENGTIXIANZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUDETEZHENG。CONGMINGDEGUDAIGONGJIANG,WEILEZHANGXIANCHUGONGDIANDEHAOHUAZHUANGGUAN,TONGCHANGLIANGBUZUOFA——DIYI,JIANGTAIHEMENZHULIZAITAIJIZHISHANG,SHIDETABENSHENNENGGOUTINGBA;DIER,BALIANGBIANDEJIANZHUYADI。TONGSHITAIHEMENGUANGCHANGZHONGJIAN,YOUYITIAOYONGHANBAIYUPUCHENGDELU,ZHEGELUBIQITABUWEIDELUYAOGAO,CHENGWEIYULU,YESHIWEILETUCHUHUANGQUAN。
《GUANGXUDAHUNTU》
CHENGXIANLEHUANGDIDAHUNSHITAIHEDIANDESHENGKUANG
CHUANGUOTAIHEMEN,JIUDAODALEZIJINCHENGZHONGZUIWEIZHONGYAODETAIHEDIAN。TADAIBIAOLEMINGQINGSHIQIGUOJIADEMENMIAN,SHIHUANGDIJUXINGZHONGYAOGUOJIALIYIDECHANGSUO,BIRUSHUOHUANGDIDENGJI、DAHUNHESHENGCHEN。DIANSHISHIHUANGDICHUKAOTI、FABANG,YESHIZAITAIHEDIANJUXINGDE。DAOLEZHEXIESHIKE,TAIHEDIANGUANGCHANGSHANGQIANJUNWANMA,FEICHANGZHUANGGUAN。
TAIHEDIANYIBEI,XIANSHIZHONGHEDIAN,ZHESHIHUANGDIJUXINGHUODONGQIANXIUXIDECHANGSUO,YOUBAOHUHUANGDIYINSIDEGONGNENG,SUOYITADEJIANZHUTILIANGBIJIAOXIAO。
ERHOUSHIBAOHEDIAN,TADEGONGNENGBIJIAOFENGFU。BIRUSHUOYANQINGWAIFANDESHIJIE,SHUODEJIANDANDIANJIUSHICHIFAN。YIDUANSHIJIANYEZUOWEIDIWANGDEQINGONGHEPIZHEZIDECHANGSUO。DAOLEQINGDAI,QIANLONGSHIQIQI,TAJIUZHUANMENZUOWEIGUDAIKEJUDIANSHIDECHANGSUO。
QIANCHAOSANDADIAN,TAMENZAILIMIANZAOXINGSHANG,XIANGYIGEGONGXING,SHIYIDAOYOUMEIDEQUXIAN,BIMIANLEZAOXINGDEDAIBAN,ERQIEWUDINGXINGSHIYEBUDANDIAO。
DAOYOUMENXIHUANJIANG,“GUGONGYOUFANGWU9999JIANBAN”,ZHEGESHUOFAQISHIBUZHUNQUE。
ZAIGUJIANZHULINGYU,SIGENLIZHUWEI CHENGDEKONGJIANCHENGWEIYIJIANFANG。 MINJIANCHUANYANDE9999JIANBAN,SHIYINWEIGURENJUEDE,“JIU”DAIBIAOZUIDUO,ZIJINCHENGZHENGDUIDEZIWEIXINGSHIYUHUANGDADIDEJUSUO,TAYOUYIWANJIAN,ZAIRENJIANDEHUANGDIDEFANGWUSHULIANGZESHAOBANJIAN。
SHIJISHANGYOUSHILIAOJIZAI,ZIJINCHENGCONG1420NIANWANGONGYIHOU,FANGWUYINGGAISHIBAQIANDUOJIAN,ZAIQINGCHAODESHIHOU,JIEJINLIANGWANJIAN,ZHIHOUJINGGUOGONGNENGDEGAIBIAN、XIUSHAN,SHULIANGFASHENGQINGWEIGAIBIAN。LAOYUANCHANGDANJIXIANGXIANSHENGSHANGRENHOU,DAIZHUMISHU,SHUGUOLEMEIYIJIANFANG,2012NIANZHEGESHUZISHI9371JIAN。
YIZHONGZHOUXIANJIANZHUWEIZHONGXIN,WANGSIZHOUKUOSAN,JIANZHUDETILIANGZHUJIANJIANXIAO、DENGJIJIANGDI,DANTONGYANGJIANZAODEJUYOUZHIHUI。
CHANGYINGE
HUANGDIKANXIDECHANGYINGESHIGUDAIDEGUOJIADAJUYUAN,TAYOUSANCENGXITAI,DANSHIHUANGDIKANXISHIZAICHANGYINGEDUIMIANDEYUESHILOU,YUXITAIHUANYOUYIDINGDEJULI,RUGUOSHENGYINYAOXIANGZHUNQUEDI、QINGXIDICHUANDAOHUANGDIDEERDUOLI,JIUDEKUOYIN。
YUSHIGONGJIANGZAIYICENGXITAIDEDIXIA,QIAOMIAODISHEZHILERUOGANGEJING,YOUDEYOUSHUI,YOUDESHIKONGJING,TAMENJIUXIANGDANGYUKUOYINQI。TONGSHICHANGYINGESHIGEFENGBISHIDEYUANLUO,SHENGYINWANGWAILIUSHIDESHAO。
YUDETANGNEIJING
HUANGDIXIZAOSHIZAIWUYINGDIANXIBIANDEYUDETANG,SHIYIGEALABOFENGGEDEYUSHI。TADEQIANGBIHENHOU,CHURUKOUSHIQUZIXING,RESHUIDECHUANSONGSHICONGXIQIANGWAIDEYIGEJINGQUSHUI,LIYONGGAOCHA,LIUDAOLEYUSHIBEIBIANDEYIGEZAOFANGLIMIAN,CONGZAOFANGLIMIANSHAOSHUI,ZAITONGGUOYIGEKONG,CHUANGUOGUANDAODAODAYUSHI。
太和殿結構之魂
WOZUISHUXIDEHUANSHITAIHEDIAN。RENHEYIGERENJINRUTAIHEDIANGUANGCHANGZHIHOU,DOUHUIBEITAGAODADETIXINGSUOZHENSHE。TACHULIZAISANCENGTAIJIZHISHANG,GAO8.13MI,CHENGWEIXUMIZUO。ZHEZHONGZUOFAZAIWOGUODEGUJIANZHUZHONGJIWEISHAOJIAN,TADEMUDEZHIYOUYIGE——TUCHUHUANGQUAN。
GUGONGDIJIPOUMIAN
600NIANLAI,JINGUANZIJINCHENGJINGLILESHUCIHUOZAI,DAN222CIDIZHENJIHUMEIYOUYINGXIANGTAFENHAO。DIJIJIUSHITAZUIWENGUDEBAOZHANG。YANJIURENYUANCONGZIJINCHENGZHONGXINXIANGXIAYUE5-6MIDEDIFANGWACHUYIZHONGSHAOZHANQIEYOUQIWEIDEWUZHI,PANDINGTASHI“ZHUGUODENUOMIHESHIHUIDEHUNHEWU”。DIJIZHONGDENUOMICHENGFEN,JIUSHITAFANGZHENDEYAODIAN。
PANLONGJINZHUSHANGDEWENSHI
SHANGLETAIJIEZOUJINKAN,YIGENGENCUZHUANGDELIZHUZHICHENGZHUTAIHEDIAN。TAIHEDIANZAIMINGCHAOCHUJIANDESHIHOU,TADECAILIAOSHINANMU,ZHEXIENANMUYUANYUSICHUAN、YUNNAN、GUIZHOUDENGDIDESHENSHANLAOLINZHICHU,QIWEIFENFANG、BUPAZAOXIU、BUPACHONGZI。
GONGJIANGZHAODAOLENANMUHOUHUANBUNENGZOU,DENGDAODIERNIANQIBAYUEFENSHANHONGBAOFADESHIHOU,BANANMUTUIXIASHAN,XIANGBANFAHUIRUJINGHANGDAYUNHE,RANHOUPIAODAOTONGZHOUDECAOYUNMATOU,ZAIYONGLUOCHEYUNDAOZIJINCHENG。SUOYIYOURENRENWEI,ZIJINCHENGSHIPIAOLAIDEGONGCHENG,SHIYOUYIDINGDEDAOLIDE。JISHIYANLUYOUGUANYUANZHISHOU,YEYOUCHAOGUO20%DENANMUDIULE,BUZHIDAOPIAODAONAQULE。
DANSHINANMUYOUYIGEZHIMINGDERUODIAN,SHENGCHANGZHOUQI300NIANYISHANG,DENGDAOTAIHEDIANDIWUCIFUJIANDESHIHOUYIJINGZHAOBUDAODACHICUNDENANMULE。ZHEJIUWEIJINTIANDETAIHEDIANDEYINGJIANCAILIAOWEISONGMUWEIZHU,MAIXIALEFUBI。
MUCAIBENSHENDESUNMAODAJIEFANGSHI,FEICHANGBIANLI,SHIDEGAIFANGZIFEICHANGXUNSU,ERQIELAOGUKEKAO,JIUSUANTACHANSHENGLEPOHUAI,XIUSHANJIAGUYEHENFANGBIAN。
DOUGONGYESHIZHONGGUOGUJIANZHUYIGEZHONGYAODEGOUZAOTEZHENG,TAIHEDIANDELIUJINDOUGONG,HEQITAGONGDIANDOUBUYIYANG,TAWAIBIANSHIPINGDE,LIMIANWANGSHANGQIAO,JIUXIANGWONAGENCHENGMAIGEDAXIGUA,BAXIAOXIAODECHENGTUOWANGHOUYIFANG,JIUNENGCHENGZHUDAXIGUA,DOUGONGHOUWEIQINGQINGDIDINGZAIYIGEFANGZISHANG,JIUKEYIZHICHENGQIANMIANWUYANDEZHONGLIANG。
MUZHUDIXIAHUANYOUSHITOUJIDI,SHIKUAINEIMEZHONG,JIBUNENGYONGCHEYUN,YEBUNENGJIUDIGUN,YUSHIJIUXUANZAIDONGJIYUNSHU。JINWANGEMINGONG、SHUQIANTOULUOZI,YANLUMEIGEYILIDIWAYIGEJING,QUSHUIJIECHENGBING,JIAOZAILUSHANG,ZHUAIZHUHANCHUANZAIBINGSHANGHUAXINGDAOZIJINCHENGGONGDI。
太和殿細節之美
WANGSHANGKAN,TAIHEDIANWUDINGYOUYOUMEIDEQUXIAN,CHULESHENMEIJIAZHI,TAHUANFEICHANGJUYOUKEXUEXING。
SHANGMIANDOU,XIAMIANHUAN,XIAYUDESHIHOUYULUOZAIWUDINGSHANG,KEYIXUNSUWANGXIAZOU,DAOLEXIAMIAN,XUNSUWANGQIANZOU、WANGYUANZOU,BURANZEHUIFANSHENJIANDAOWAXIAMIANDEMUZHUHEMENCHUANG。
WUDINGDEWEIDUANYOUYOUMEIDEQIQIAO,YUYI“TIANRENHEYI”,YINWEIGURENRENWEIYUZHOUSHIYANG,DADIWEIYIN,WEILECHONGFENBIAODAYUTIANXIANGJIEJIN,JIUBAWUYANZUODEQIAOQILAI。
ZIJINCHENGGUJIANZHUDEBUTONGWUDINGLEIXING
GUDAIDEGONGJIANGKEYIDIBAZHENGJIJIACHANG,ZHEYANGDEHUA,TALIANGBIANJIUZIRANERRANDIBIANDOULE,JIUGENRENYIYANG,XIONGFUYITING,TADEJIANZHUDEQIZHIJIUCHULAILE。
WUYANSHANGYOU10GEXIAOSHOU,XIAOSHOUSHULIANGYUEDUO,JIANZHUDEDENGJIYUEGAO。
GUGONGGUJIANZHUDEWUDINGXIAOSHOU,YIBANDOUSHIDANSHU,1GE、3GE、5GE、7GE、9GE。DANSHITAIHEDIAN,YOU10GEXIAOSHOU。ZUIHOUYIGE“XINGSHEN”SHIQINGKANGXISANSHISINIAN(1695),TAIHEDIANZAIZUIHOUYICIFUJIANJIASHANGQUDE,TASHILEIZHENZIDEXINGXIANG,YUYIXIWANGBUZAIZAOSHOULEIPI。
CHANGYOURENWEN,TAIHEDIANJIUJINGYONGDINGZILEMA?QISHITAIHEDIANWUDINGSHANGDEXIAOSHOU,ZUICHUDEGONGNENGJIUSHIWEILEBAOHUDINGZI。
WUDINGZHENGJIDEZHENGZHONGYANGHUANYOUYIGEANKOU。ZIJINCHENGLIMIANRENHEYIGEGUJIANZHUKUAIYAOWANGONGDESHIHOU,DOUHUIZAIZHENGZHONGYANGFANGYIGEHEZI,CHENGWEIBAOXIA。HEZILIMIANHUIFANGRUOGANGEWUJIAN,CHENGWEIZHENWU。
ZHENWUDENEIRONGHENFENGFU,BIRUSHUOYOU5ZHONGJINSHU、5ZHONGBAOSHI、5ZHONGSICHOU、5ZHONGDAOGUDENGDENG,FANSHIGUDAIGONGJIANGRENWEINENGGOUMANZUXIAOZAIQUXIE、YINGXIANGNAFUGONGNENGDEDONGXIDOUWANGLIMIANFANG,ERQIEFANGDEGUOCHENG,SHIYOUWEIHUNDENANGONGRENJINXINGDE。
BUTONGTUANDE“TOUFENG”
QIANGTIDEXIJIEYEHENFENGFU。
KANTAIHEDIANDECEMIANHEBEIMIAN,HUIFAXIANXIABIAN、SHANGMIANDOUYOUYIGELOUKONGDEZHUANDIAO,ZHESHIGUDAIDEGONGJIANGFAMINGDEKONGQIXUNHUANQI,JIAO“TOUFENG”。SHIWAIDEKONGQI,KEYICONGXIAMIANLIURU,SHUNZHUQIANGTIYUMUZHUDEXIANGJIAOWEIZHI,CONGSHANGMIANPAICHU,SHIDEMUZHUSHIZHONGBAOCHIGANZAO,FANGLEIFANGHUO。
CONGJIANCHUANGWANGLIKAN,TAIHEDIANDEDIMIAN,SHUBAINIANYIRANGUANGLIANGRUXIN。
ZHEDUYIWUERDEJINZHUANDIMIANBINGBUSHIJINZIZUODE,ZHUANMENZHIDAISUZHOULUMUYUYAOCUNSHAOCHUDEZHUAN,QIAOZHIQINGCUI,DUANZHIWUKONG,ERQIESHAOZAOJIQIKEKE。TAGUANGHUADAOKEYIZHIJIEZUOYANTAI。DANGCHUZUOZHEZHONGZHUANYAOZAIMEIYOUYANGGUANGDEFANGJIANNEIYINGANYINIANDAOYINIANBAN,ZAIJINYAOSHAOZHI,LIJING39DAOGONGXU,CHENGGONGLVJIDI。
SHINEIZUIZHONGYANG,SHIGUGONGZUIJIANGJIU、ZUIJINGMEIDEBAOZUO,YEJIUSHIWOMENSHUODELONGYI,JIAOZUOXIUJINQIYUNLONGWENBAOZUO。TAQISHISHIMINGDAIDEYIWU,QINGCHAOHUANGDIRUZHUZIJINCHENGHOU,YOUJIXUYANYONGLELIANGBAILIUSHIDUONIAN。DANSHI1915NIAN,YUANSHIKAICUANQUAN,YINWEITUITAIDUAN,TAJIUCHEQULELONGYI,FANGLEYIZHANGYIBEIGAO、ZUOMIANAIDEXISHIDAYI。1959 NIAN,YUANLAIDEBAOZUOCAIBEIZHONGXINFANGHUITAIHEDIANLI。
ZAIYICIZOUYUANKANTAIHEDIAN,KEYIXINSHANGTAQIANGLIEDE“ZHONGGUOPEISE”,ERZHEYANGDEDAPEIYESHIFUHERENTIGANZHIDE。HONGSE、HUANGSEWEINUANSEDIAO,RELIE、BENFANG,PUBIANYONGZAILEJIANZHUMINGXIANDEWEIZHI,BIRUHUANGSEDEWUDING、HONGSEDEZHUZI、CHUANGHU,LAITIXIANZIJINCHENGDEXIONGWEIHEZHUANGGUAN。
TIANHUA
DOUGONG
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©?Katrina
對太和殿的誤解
DOUSHUOGUGONGJIANZHUSHEHUA,QISHICONGYINGJIANDAOXIUSHAN,TADOUSHIGAODUZHONGSHIHUANBAOHEXUNHUANLIYONGDE。BIRUTAIHEDIANDEQIANGTI,HOU1.4MI,DANSHITAZHIYOUWAIPIHELIPISHIYONGZHENGZHUANQIQIDE,ZHONGJIANQUANBUDOUSHISHIGONGDEFEIZHUAN、FEISHITOU。YINWEIQIANGTIBUXUYAOSHOULI,ZHIYAOBAOZHENGHOUDU,BAOWENGEREJIKE,FEILIAOJIUDOUYONGSHANGQULE。FUJIANDESHIHOU,YEBAZHIQIANSHAOZHIDEZHUANDOUYONGSHANGLE,SIHAOMEIYOULANGFEI。
LINGWAICENGJINGYOURENYEWENGUOWO,GUGONGDEYOUSHICAIHUAYOUMEIYOUWURAN?DANGRANMEIYOU,YINWEIYONGDESHIZHUANHUI、ZHUXUE、MA,DOUSHIWOMENCHANGJIANDEBIANYICAILIAO,MEIYOURENHEDEHUAXUEWUZHI。
WOHENXINGYUN,SHUOSHIBIYEHOUJIECHUDEDIYIJIANSHIQINGJIUSHITAIHEDIANDAXIU。HENDUOYOUKELAIGUGONGCANGUAN,KANDAOTAIHEDIANJUEDETAIXINLE,TAMENRENWEIBUNENGZHEYANG,BUFUHEXINZHONGSUOQIDAIDE,GUJIANZHUBIXUSHICANGSANGDE、DIAOBIDE。
WOXIWANGDAJIANENGGAIBIANDUIGUJIANZHUBAOHUDELINIAN。WOMENDEXIUSHANHEBAOHU,BUGUANGSHIJINTIAN,LICHAOLIDAIDOUZAIFASHENG,ERWOMENXIUSHANDESHITADEBAOHUCENG,FANGZHILIMIANJINGSHOUFENGCHUI、RISHAI、YULIN、CHONGYAO。GENRENYIYANG,WOMENGEITAHUANLEJIANYIFU,DANSHIZHEGERENBA,TAHUANSHIWANHAODE。
ZIJINCHENGJIANCHENGZHIJINYIYOU600NIAN,ZHONGGUOLISHIHUOHUIHUANGHUOSHIYIDESHIKE,TAIHEDIANDOUSHIZHONGSHOUHUYIPANG。JINGUANWUSHIRENFEI,TAIHEDIANYIJIUYILI。TABUJINJIJIANZHUJINGHUAYUYISHEN,GENGDAIBIAOLEZHONGGUORENDEJING、QI、SHEN,ZUOHAOTAIHEDIANDEKEXUEBAOHU,HONGYANGTASUODAIBIAODEZHONGHUAZUIYOUXIUDECHUANTONGJIANZHUWENHUA,ZHESHIYIFENZEREN,WOHUIYIZHIZUOXIAQU。
除了太和殿,這些中國古建筑同樣了不起:
SHANGXIAHUADONGCHAKANGENGDUO
MEITIANYITIAOYUANCHUANGDUANSHIPIN,MEITIANJIANGSHUYIGEDONGRENDEGUSHI,MEITIANJINGXUANRENJIANMEIWU,MEITIANLAIHEWOYIQIGUOMEIHAODESHENGHUO。YITIAO(ID:yitiantv)
XIANGGUAN:
那些消失不見的老北京服務行當兒老北京的服務行當兒有很多, 剃頭、绱鞋、修理雨傘、磨刀、鋦碗、箍漏鍋、焊洋鐵壺、修理竹門簾等。在過去,這些手藝人大多走街串巷,胡同里的叫賣聲連同“響器”發出的各種聲響不絕于耳。不過,隨著時間的推移,過去司空見慣的老行當兒,如今只能在記憶和文字里找尋。作為一位地道的“老北京”,孟繁強年復一年地寫下自己的記憶,講述著他經歷的歲月和變革。本期的京華物語,就來看看他筆下老北京的服務行當兒是什么樣的。以下內容選自《老北京故人舊事》,較原文有刪節,已獲得出版社授權刊發。《老北京故人舊事》,孟繁強著,清華大學出版社2014年12月版。原文作者丨..
夢里的時間和現實中的一樣快嗎?大多數人都經歷過這樣的窘境:當鬧鐘響起的時候,立刻按下暫停開關,縮回溫暖的被窩里繼續打盹,當我們再次醒來的時候,往往發現時間已經流逝,甚至因此錯過了早上去公司的班車,或是朋友間難得的聚會。唉,為什么時間從不歇歇腳,與我們一起打會盹呢?當我們悔恨交加的同時,也會回想剛剛睡著時做的夢。夢里的情景千奇百怪,有些與生活相關,有些是超現實,還有些純屬噩夢。有一個問題一直在那里,卻很少被人提起:夢里的時間和現實中的一樣快嗎?01現實五分鐘,夢境一小時夢境中的時間,遠比現實時間流逝得更慢。這是我在思考這個問題時的第一感覺。很多時候午后小憩半..
"我快沒時間了!""我沒空!":我們的時間是如何加速的?通過查看鐘表、日歷或手機,我們知道了某一時刻的“時間”,并把它與事件、人物和地點建立聯系。這是人類自近代以來完成的統一時間、統一敘事。差別只在于時區不同,“當地時間”亦有所不同。古往今來,從神秘學說、哲學到現代物理學,每一種知識體系都先后在爭奪解釋時間。在今天尤其被普遍信任的是現代物理學的理解。它幾乎打碎了關于時間的一切堅固的觀點。時間的流逝并非“人人平等”、并非只有一個方向,更不存在唯一一個時間,而當刻度無限細化,時間中的“現在”甚至完全不存在。時間的統一是現代理性化的產物。這一過程不只是被現代物理學解構,更重要的是,它始..